Usually made from old Coca Cola bottles, or even marine glass.
Powder glass beads are made by crushing glass to a fine powder and heating it so that the particles fuse together. The glass is then poured into clay molds, with a cassava leaf stem used to make the hole. They are baked in an oven and the glass fuses and the cassava stem burns up.
These beads measure about ⅞ - ⅝" (22.25mm x 16mm)